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5-59. What are the four basic pathological situations in terms of Yin–Yang, Cold/Heat and Full/Empty?

Answer: Excess of Yang = Full-Heat; Deficiency of Yang = Empty-Cold; Excess of Yin = Full-Cold; Deficiency of Yin = Empty-Heat.

음양(陰陽), 한열(寒熱), 허실(虛實) 가지 병리적인 상태는?

() 양실(陽實)=실열(實熱), 양허(陽虛)=허한(虛寒), 음실(陰實)=실한(實寒), 음허(陰虛)=허열(虛熱)

 

5-60. Complete the following sentence: ‘Full-Cold tends to ______ Yang Qi; this leads to ____ _________, which, in turn, will lead to _____-____.’

Answer: ‘Full-Cold tends to weaken Yang Qi; this leads to Yang deficiency, which, in turn, will lead to Empty-Cold.’

다음 문장을 완성하시오.

() 실한(實寒) 양기(陽氣) ()하게 ; 이것은 양허(陽虛) 유발함, , 허한(虛寒) 유발함.

 

5-61. What are the three basic types of Excess of Yang?

Answer: (i) An external Yang pathogenic factor; (ii) internally generated Heat; (iii) Heat from transformation of other pathogenic factors.

양실(陽實) 가지 유형(類型)?

(): (i) 외감(外感) 양사(陽邪) (풍사, 조사 서사  화열사); (ii) 내생(內生) 열사(熱邪) ; (iii) 다른 병사(病邪)로부터 전화(轉化) 열사(熱邪)-울이화화(鬱而化火)

 

5-62. Give three possible causes of Deficiency of Yang.

Answer: Any three of the following: dietary factors (cold foods); excessive physical work; overwork; Full-Cold.

양허(陽虛) 가지 가능한 원인(原因)?

다음 가지: 음식(飮食) ( 음식), 지나친 육체노동(肉體勞動); 실한(實寒)

 

5-63. What is the main cause of Yin deficiency in Western patients?

Answer: Overwork.

서양인 환자에게 음허(陰虛)의 주 원인은?

() 과로(過勞)

 

5-64. What is the characteristic clinical manifestation associated with Yin deficiency?

Answer: Dryness (dry mouth, dry eyes, dry skin, etc.).

음허(陰虛) 관련하는 임상표현의 특징(特徵)?

() 조증(燥症) (, , 피부 )

 

5-65. Complete the following: ‘In Excess of Yang, _____ ____. In Deficiency of Yang, ______ _____. In Excess of Yin, _____ ____. In Deficiency of Yin, ________ ___.’

Answer: In Excess of Yang, clear Heat. In Deficiency of Yang, tonify Yang. In Excess of Yin, expel Cold. In Deficiency of Yin, nourish Yin.

다음 문장을 완성하시오.

() 양실(陽實)의 경우 청열(淸熱), 양허(陽虛)의 경우 보양(補陽), 음실(陰實)의 경우 거한(祛寒), 음허(陰虛)의 경우 자음(滋陰).